The Evaluation of New Trends and Equipments in Teaching, Learning and Educational Management
[center]Seyed Ahmad Hashemy
Department of Teacher Education,
Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Iran.
Email: hashemy.ahmad@yahoo.com
DARYOOSH HAYATI, ZAINAB HASHEMY,
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH DEPT. OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT
Lamerd Branch, Shiraz Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Islamic Azad University,
Lamerd, Iran Shiraz, Iran
EMAIL: DHHAYATI1354@GMAILCOM[/center]
ABSTRACT
Heavy competition, lack of supplies and unpredictable fluctuations have made education in the global sphere really
difficult, so to confront the new situation, education has to conform and in most cases reform and use more
advanced technologies. This essay discusses some new trends in both education and educational management and
evaluates them in case of their usages with a descriptive-analytical approach. Moreover it is discussed how such new
technologies are to be applied as well as the changes that must be done to pave the way for changing information
communications technology(ICT) to public culture. Following these methods will lead to effectiveness of education
systems, equal educational opportunities for students in all levels globally.
KEYWORDS
Evaluation, Information, Communication, Technology and Output.
INTRODUCTION
Globalization and new trends in educational management must correspond. In fact when a new educational system is
brought to practice in a country, the electronic media as internet and cyber space make it global. As the world is
developing fast, the educational management systems and procedures must conform and adapt too; otherwise, they
lack efficiency and are doomed to failure in the long term. Information and communication technology has become
a crucial part of the modern world. Now most of the countries emphasize learning and applying the information and
communication technology as the core of their educational systems. So it is important to view the ICT in a
systematic approach and try to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of it so as to propose more efficient ideas
to improve the field that would consequently lead to better results in practice. It is tried to evaluate quality based on
a systematic approach as well as ICT.
DISSCUSSION
Systematic thinking means the cause and effect relationship between events and having holistic view to
organizational matters and thinking to organization as a unique complex with considering corporation between parts
for coming off the goals
Management technology of input and output of systems:
This management includes using methods; hardware, software and processing (means such operations like
calculating, control, decision-making, evaluation and filtering. Information consists of experiences, Knowing,
knowledge and proved propositions in practical result of researches. Communication is the existence of bilateral
relations between all objective organization and nonobjective organization, units and the constructive factors and
people of a society According to the above mentioned definitions information and communication technology
means: management networks of production, processing, contribution and optimum consumption of information in
order to improve the efficiency of system.
Information and communication technology is a combination of three areas which are information, computer and
communication .A computer unit is considered as the hardware and provider of necessary tools and facilities for
information and communication technology, data is running on the network as the leaven and raw materials.
Telecommunication is an important unit which connects the other units to each other. And finally what comes out
of combination of these units is called informing which is used in different areas and education also is one of these
areas.
History of information and communication technology
With the invention of computers and the possibility of connecting the computers to each other Internet was created.
The history of Internet comes back to early 1960s. Because of the ability of ICT in interacting, processing, and
storing information it has miraculously changed human life. This technology in 1980s entered into educational
environments. In late 1980s schools were able to connect this technology to other communication technology
networks and in 1990 information and communication technology became an inseparable part of educational
systems.
The Importance and advantage of information and communication technology
Nowadays there is a special attention to the student activity in the education systems. Sometimes teachers transfer
the information and skills to the students and deprive their students from any chance of activity. If we give students
the opportunity of selecting and extracting the content of information we will make inventions and discover the
background in the students. New cultural theory emphasizes on the role of student in learning According to
some research, those learners who think independently and emphasize on the process of learning are more successful
and stable in the result in contrast with the learners that relate their success or failure in education to the teachers or
faith or external factors E-learning which is the result of information and communication technology application
emphasizes on process-center, self leading and self examining of learners which can be put to practice as Soaker
puts it:
Application of multimedia technologies in activities increases incredibly, the capacity of
storing information increases unimaginably Efficiency increases transforming information
is done very fast without considering the dimensions of time and place, market traffic
decreases because we don't need to go there and Decision-making goes toward
rationality
Teachers and the information and communication technology
Teachers’ preparation is the major factor for entering the information and communication technology to schools.
The majority of problems that teacher are faced with in this regard are philosophical and training and cultural
problems. Superficial preparation of teachers in hardware and software is not necessary for fundamental changes in
classrooms and with the advent of information and communication technology to the class; the role of teacher
not only is finished but also increases. The teachers teach students the methods of gaining knowledge, ordering,
credit making and organization. Teachers change to everlasting learners and from a solitary class they enter to an
international competition area. Pre- training education, during training education and midterm training education of
the teachers must be basically changed according to the challenges in the recent century and the curriculum must be
prepared based on the information and communication technology to make ICT more efficient in education.
Equipment's, sources and the information and communication technology
The environment that uses the information and communication technology needs some special resources and
facilities. Facilitates include the basic foundations such as wiring, electricity, computer, libraries, accessing to
Internet, lighting, ventilation, place, room and so on. So in this case special attention must be paid to the followings
necessities: “more equipped classes with elementary and advanced information foundation, more access to the
software stations such as better tools for making the educational material and creating new and flexible multimedia
area for learning” . Some other applicable resources with the ICT are explained below:
Text: (one of the most used tools in web and for presenting educational contents) documents: (Charts for example
excel Software, textbooks and essays in PDF format, educational slide as Power point files) pictures and voice:
(using high speed current pictures and voice) e-mail messenger and chat (when some of the class members are
synchronously online they can exchange information in this way, yet in some countries like Korea the students daily
class activities are emailed to their parents) and other technologies like shared application programs, video
conference, simulation and data stations are all examples of useful usages of ICT in education.
Environment and information and communication technology
The method of cooperation between students and teachers and the method of controlling the schools for learning and
receiving information and communication technology is a part of learning philosophy and in another way the
corporation of society includes parents, families, foundations, industrial, governmental institutes, social
organizations, regional, professional and so on. And also we mustn't ignore the effect of international environment.
And another important point is that gaining and building up information and communication technology culture in
society affects on the culture and atmosphere of the school and finally the environment of the school. Philosophies
basically recognized the way of combining information and communication technology to a school.
Output and ICT
Capabilities, content, and skills are three different elementary areas of knowledge required for ICT, each of these
three represents a different dimension that means any action that needs information technology necessarily needs
one of the earlier mentioned areas of knowledge. Learning content and the skills of information technology and
creating related thought capability without systematic view is impossible. If we look at a problem with a systematic
view we understand that in information and communication technology with combining content and capability skills
with each other and making the efficient understanding from information technology, the students and citizens are
enabled to use the information technology for their personal problem solving and information technology knowledge
uses itself in new areas. This combination is a basic element of the students learning in long-term which finally leads
to a creation of knowledge and the creative students and its main result is stopping brain drain.
Feedback and ICT
Many educational systems regulate and adapt themselves in such a way that is able to produce a special output
The function of ICT in evaluation has enabled teachers to report the students’ knowledge and ability to apply it to
their education. The students are responsible for their evaluations to edit their own learning styles. Evaluation for
students and teachers has a special harmony and a general view of the students is represented in the curriculum. The
students maintain their and their background on the network and edit their preferable curriculum and policy in
school. Evaluation of the students and a staffs shows the learning management of school
Management and information and communication technology
Management technology is an input, process and output of a system. This management includes using methods;
hardware, software and processing- means such as calculating, control, decision-making, evaluation and filtering.
Simeon Herbert’s view that management is decision-making, makes one aware of the importance of information
and communication technology in management, because decision-making is a process in which information has a
crucial role, thus in decision-making one should have the necessary information in order to make a decision.
Information technology helps the organization managers to choose the necessary information from produced
information for them and then use such kind of information as the basis for their management processes. Research
shows that managers’ education for using communication technology to have effective management is crucial and
achieving the skills required for application and new technology is helpful for managers and can have an effective
role in manager decision-making . According to Thomson the communication information technology improves
the decision-making of manager in these dimensions:
· Programming is better and more comprehensively done.
· Decision-making time is minimized.
· Managers’ errors in organizational information Processing Network reduces.
· Rational decision-making.
Conclusion
A systematic attention to the information and communication technology is clearly recognized as an important and
inseparable part of all educational systems, to do so it is required to set a general role as a strategic one, together
with corporation and harmony between organizations and ministries, contributions of private sectors, training
experts, financial support and expansion of telecommunication networks that would finally lead to equal educational
opportunities in all levels, education quality, efficiency and the effectiveness of educational system, prevention of
brain drain and training job making people.
Moreover, learning management system is for assessment of learners in education and such duties like unit election,
registration, gathering information in learner education progress, examination and evaluation system is done by the
ICT.
Another useful aspect of the use of ICT is in learning content management system. This system does the
management of content and the curriculum which is going to be transferred to learner. And by this system we can
modify the program and learner can request the desired content that is presented in systems.
So, in order to achieve the above goals attention must be paid to the following suggestions:
1. More efforts and corporation between organization and different ministries is a must
2. Codification of policy and general rules of information and communication technology and modification of
rules.
3. Changing the structure of education from centralized to decentralized.
4. Encouragement and participation of private sector in the establishment and providing the basic
requirements to start using information and communication technology in education.
5. Training of managers, teachers, guides and educational groups in relation with content, skills and
application of information and communication technology must be efficiently done.
6. Widespread use of scientific sources especially those researches that have been done on information and
communication technology and relevant approaches in education are necessary.
7. Preparing security for students in Internet global networks.
8. Professional efficiency of teachers with expansion of information and communication technology is crucial.
كلام اول 
موضوع: مقالات كنفرانس هاي خارجي
نويسنده: 
تاريخ: 12 دي 1390
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